Sunday, December 15, 2013

Bangsamoro: Power-sharing and development

FIRST, allow me to share the statement of the Philippine Center for Islam and Democracy (PCID) on the successful Government of the Philippines-Moro Islamic Liberation Front (GPH-MILF) negotiations in Kuala Lumpur over the weekend.

"The PCID applauds the signing of the Annex on Power Sharing by the negotiating panels of the Philippine Government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. We congratulate the members of the panels for reaching this collaborative effort in establishing the Bangsamoro government structure envisioned to be responsive to the aspirations and needs of the region and its people.

"We at PCID see the annex as another step towards the preparation of the legal framework supporting the peace processes in Mindanao. The document should lay the foundation for the long-awaited genuine, inclusive and meaningful political autonomy for the Bangsamoro, with its diversity of peoples and cultures. However, the key is in the enactment of the enabling Basic Law by the Bangsamoro Transition Commission (BTC) that would set the parameters for its interpretation and eventual implementation by the still to be established Bangsamoro Political Entity.

"Mandating the representation of non-Moros, women and other sectors in the regional assembly is laudable, as this will ensure the dividends of peace and developments will be shared equitably, and safeguard their distinct cultures, rights and civil liberties.

"PCID is hopeful that definitive provisions on Ancestral Domain, particularly as it relates to the Indigenous Peoples of the region, will be addressed by the BTC. Another concern is the reported deferment of the delineation of territorial waters, and its inclusion in the last annex on Normalization. These two contentious issues will have to be resolved, as this impact the viability of the Bangsamoro as a distinct politically autonomous region.

"We are hopeful that the provisions embodied in the annex will ultimately motivate all Bangsamoro people to become more involved in the drafting of the Basic Law. With the people’s active engagement in the ensuing public consultations, the envisioned Bangsamoro legal framework would, at the very least, establish an autonomy truly reflective of the aspirations of all Bangsamoro.

"Finally, PCID reiterates its continuing support for the peace process and hopes that the coming new year would be greeted by the signing of the final annex on Normalization."

The three annexes will strengthen the foundation for economic development, thus expanding the economic pie, which will, in turn, strengthen fiscal autonomy. As BTC Chair Mohagher Iqbal said, "Political autonomy without fiscal autonomy, or power without resources will break as soon as it is being put to test."

Allow me to continue the discussions on expanding the economic pie during the "Business and Investment Climate for the Bangsamoro" held at the Waterfront-Insular Hotel in Davao City (Nov. 26-27).

Former National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) Secretary Dondon Paderanga, who chaired the Forum, cited the critical role of the private sector in his synthesis. The private sector is key to bridging the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) -- soon to become the Bangsamoro Region -- from the challenges it faces to the opportunities available in agri-business, power, mining and natural resource development, tourism and trade. To do this, the region must address the constraints: particularly in peace, law and order; sustainable infrastructure, including human infrastructure; skills for the business sector and the state of education; governance and policy. All these have been barriers to sustainable development, as detailed by the presentation of PCID Convenor Urooj Malik, former Director of the Asian Development Bank, and now Bangsamoro Development Authority’s senior adviser for Sustainable Development.

Additional inputs from the private sector with regards to the challenges to competitiveness included: openness to foreign capital participation; fair and equal treatment for foreign and domestic companies; ease of doing business (such as strong arbitration laws in line with international arbitration practice and adherence to international conventions); open and transparent local economy; access to land and a stable and predicable policy environment (political and economic). The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro (FAB) and the annexes, in part, address these concerns, but need to be fleshed out by the BTC.

Mr. Paderanga, a native son of Mindanao, summarized the immediate (and doable) strategic interventions: investment promotion and identification of projects as well as for the Bangsamoro to negotiate and determine its economic goals of fiscal autonomy and an autonomous economic strategy, not too tightly bound by the strings of Manila.

In the medium to long-term, the Bangsamoro will need to put the fundamentals in place for business and labor regulation, incentives and business support, land and property rights, banking and finance including Islamic finance.

In a nutshell, the former NEDA Chief said: "Economic Sustainability is critical!" The consensus of the 120 gathered participants: while government will have to focus on policy and institutional options and actions following the FAB and the signed annexes, there are options that are doable now. Further, short-term and long-term strategies must address the four identified thematic areas: sustainable social infrastructure, both human and physical infrastructure; business/labor regulations; financing -- particularly Islamic finance; and land and property rights.

A piece of advice shared by many participants: the Bangsamoro must avoid past mistakes and have a development plan that addresses its unique situation. Tom Allen, Project Director of the conference and former World Bank Country Director, had stated earlier: "It cannot be ‘business as usual’ for the Bangsamoro." Autonomy provides the Bangsamoro with the legal foundation to set its own strategy, a power it has not exploited in the past. Listening intently were Dr. Safrullah Dipatuan and the board of the Bangsamoro Development Agency (BDA), as were members of the BTC and the Bangsamoro Leadership and Management Institute (BMLI). (It was unfortunate that none of the invited officials from the ARMM Regional Government attended, apart from Board of Investments head Ishak Mastura. (Hmmm. Political dynamics at play?)

The BDA is currently immersed in drafting its Bangsamoro Development Plan. Their timetable: to have the final draft ready by April 2014, ready to be addressed by Congress when it convenes to work on the national budget. Last Wednesday, the World Bank hosted the meeting of government’s development partners to discuss how to provide the assistance needed by the BDA in crafting the Plan.

Time is tight and resources are limited. We hope that the calamities that have visited the Philippines, both disasters due to man and to nature, will not distract government and development partners from their commitment to support the Bangsamoro. We have a window of opportunity, closing fast, to set things right in Muslim Mindanao. For the sake of the nation as well as the long-suffering Bangsamoro, we need to exert all efforts to ensure that the promise of autonomy made to the Bangsamoro decades ago is converted to reality. A truly autonomous Bangsamoro will contribute to the growth and wellbeing of the entire nation. A dysfunctional Bangsamoro, as it is today, will continue to be a millstone that will drag the Philippines down. Seems to me that there is only one rational choice.


source:  Businessworld

No comments:

Post a Comment